Family |
Solanaceae
Solanum dulcamara
L.
Solanum dulcamara L.
First published in Sp. Pl.: 185 (1753).
(Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, vol. 3, p. 199, Pl. XCIX, 4; 1983)
Description
Life-form & habit: Plant 50–100 cm tall, becoming woody at the base, almost hairless or finely hairy, with herbaceous branches that often hang down.
Leaves: Ovate, ovate-heart-shaped or ovate-lanceolate; undivided, hastate or shortly lobed at the base.
Inflorescence & flowers: Long-stalked, repeatedly branched or many-flowered cymes with jointed flower stalks. Calyx lobes short, broad and triangular; corolla violet-purple, six to seven times as long as the calyx.
Fruit: Scarlet berries about 6 mm across, globose in the regional material described by Mouterde.
Flowering and habitat
Phenology: Summer.
Habitat & elevation: Damp places and hedges.
Distribution
Lebanese distribution: Tripoli, Abey, Hammana, Bcharre, Hasroun, Qabb Elias, Aytanit, Zahle, Maallaqa and Baalbeck; also recorded at Wadi el Salib.
Syrian distribution: Hame, Ghouta, Damascus and Douma.
Native range: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Corse, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Krasnoyarsk, Krym, Kuril Is., Lebanon-Syria, Manchuria, Mongolia, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Netherlands, North Caucasus, Northwest European Russia, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Romania, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutiya.
Introduced into: Alabama, Arizona, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Newfoundland, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Prince Edward I., Québec, Rhode I., Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Tasmania, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.