Family |
Plantaginaceae
Plantago lanceolata
L.
Plantago lanceolata L.
First published in Sp. Pl.: 113 (1753).
(Nouvelle Flore du Liban et de la Syrie, vol. 3, pp. 284–285, Pl. CXLVI, 1a–b; 1983)
Description
Life-form & habit: Perennial herb, hairless to hairy, usually reaching about 30 cm and sometimes 60 cm, with erect flowering stalks.
Leaves: Lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, usually 10–25 cm long and 1–3 cm wide, tapering toward both the pointed tip and stalked base; hairless or clothed in appressed hairs.
Inflorescence & flowers: Spikes vary from elongate and cylindrical-conical to short, ovate or nearly rounded. Bracts are broadly ovate, pointed and keeled. The two front sepals are usually joined; corolla lobes are ovate and sharply pointed.
Fruit: Oblong capsule.
Flowering and habitat
Phenology: Flowering March–September.
Habitat & elevation: Cultivated ground, pastures and woodland; also rocky, thin-soiled mountain sites.
Distribution
Lebanese distribution: Beirut, Tripoli, Nahr Beirut, Bikfaya, Dhour Choueir, Rayfoun, Yammoune, Zahle, Qrayye, Qalaat Arrouba, Jabal Jrad, Jabal Zahrour, Jabal Qamoua, Jabal Kneisse, Dahr el Baidar, Sannine, Sofar, Dimane, Ehden, Zahle pass, Hadeth and Marj.
Syrian distribution: Damascus, El Hame, Ghouta, Aleppo, Qatma, Bloudane, Homs–Hama, southern Mount Hermon, Arne, Mejdel ech Chams, Guebara and Slenfe.
Native range: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Central European Russia, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Corse, Cyprus, Czechia-Slovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Finland, France, Føroyar, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Manchuria, Mauritania, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Norway, NW. Balkan Pen., Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, South European Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Taiwan, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Türkiye, Türkiye-in-Europe, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yemen.
Introduced into: Alabama, Alaska, Altay, Amsterdam-St.Paul Is., Argentina Northeast, Argentina Northwest, Argentina South, Arizona, Arkansas, Ascension, Bahamas, Bermuda, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, British Columbia, California, Cape Provinces, Chile Central, Chile North, Chile South, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Cook Is., Costa Rica, Crozet Is., Cuba, Delaware, Desventurados Is., District of Columbia, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, DR Congo, Easter Is., Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Is., Florida, Free State, French Guiana, Gabon, Georgia, Greenland, Haiti, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Jamaica, Japan, Juan Fernández Is., Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Kenya, Kerguelen, Khabarovsk, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kuril Is., KwaZulu-Natal, Leeward Is., Lesotho, Louisiana, Magadan, Maine, Malawi, Marion-Prince Edward Is., Maryland, Massachusetts, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Namibia, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New Zealand North, Newfoundland, Niue, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Panamá, Pennsylvania, Peru, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Québec, Rhode I., Rwanda, Sakhalin, Society Is., South Carolina, South Dakota, Sri Lanka, St.Helena, Sudan-South Sudan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tonga, Tristan da Cunha, Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Windward Is., Wisconsin, Wyoming, Zimbabwe.